We propose the use of a wide range of geophysical methods for the detection of underground infrastructure such as ground penetrating radar, conductometry, magnetometry, and VLF: these techniques allow unequivocal identification and spatial location of cables, pipes, tanks, foundations, or other objects not directly visible from ground level.
The VLF (Very Low Frequency) is EM method measuring the secondary fields generated by conductive bodies in the ground.
The georadar method, otherwise known as GPR (Ground Penetrating Radar), belongs to a class of electromagnetic geophysical methods.
Reflective seismic is studying the propagation of seismic waves, which are recorded on the Earth's surface.
The method can be used in the classic variant of probing (SGE) and in the variant of electrical resistivity tomography (ERT).
In the case of shallow depth infrastructure scouting, the most appropriate method is undoubtedly the GPR; to greater depths, we suggest the use of the classic geophysical methods such as seismic or geoelectrics, possibly performed also in combination.
